The Presidio was commanded in 1833 by Captain Mariano G.
[280] The Tony Award-winning non-profit American Conservatory Theater (A.C.T.) In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway, allowing the city to reclaim The Embarcadero as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the Hayes Valley neighborhood. tourism picks up, but spending stays flat", "Overseas Visitors to Select U.S. Cities 20152016", "San Francisco Travel Reports Record-Breaking Tourism in 2016", "San Francisco Visitor Industry Statistics", "Alcatraz Island: Explore Sensational San Francisco: TravelChannel.com", "San Francisco has almost 200 tiny streets. In the 1910s, a wave of Central American immigrants settled in the Mission and, in the 1950s, immigrants from Mexico began to predominate.
[377] In 2008, the MTA estimated that about 128,000 trips were made by bicycle each day in the city, or 6% of total trips. With their sourdough bread in tow,[60] prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia,[61] raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. It covers an area of about 46.89 square miles (121.4 km2), mostly at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, making it the second most densely populated large U.S. city, and the fifth most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs. 
The San Francisco Police Department was founded in 1849. She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in Mumbai. In office in 1835 he approved the first land grant in Yerba Buena: to William Richardson, a naturalized Mexican citizen of English birth. [386] A total of 41 consulates general and 23 honorary consulates have offices in the San Francisco Bay Area. San Francisco has a diversified service economy, with employment spread across a wide range of professional services, including financial services, tourism, and (increasingly) high technology. [278], The Fillmore is a music venue located in the Western Addition. In World War II, it was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. [43][44][45] After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, significant immigration, liberalizing attitudes, the rise of the "beatnik" and "hippie" countercultures, the Sexual Revolution, the Peace Movement growing from opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States. Climate data for San Francisco (downtown). [185] The Tenderloin area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. [30][31][32] San Francisco anchors the 12th most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States with 4.7 million residents, and the fourth-largest by economic output, with a GDP of $592 billion in 2019. Established in 2017,[301] they won two back-to-back championship titles in 2019 and 2020. [126] The dry period of May to October is mild to warm, with the normal monthly mean temperature peaking in September at 62.7F (17.1C). [325] The University of California, Hastings College of the Law, founded in Civic Center in 1878, is the oldest law school in California and claims more judges on the state bench than any other institution. The city of San Francisco has been dramatically increasing its spending to service the growing population homelessness crisis: spending jumped by $241 million in 201617 to total $275 million, compared to a budget of just $34 million the previous year. [207] Marin County, directly to the north over the Golden Gate Bridge, and San Mateo County, directly to the south on the Peninsula, were the 6th and 9th highest-income counties respectively. home to some expensive boutiques[116][bettersourceneeded] and a few controversial chain stores,[117] although it still retains[timeframe? The Contemporary Jewish Museum is a non-collecting institution that hosts a broad array of temporary exhibitions. Many piers remained derelict for years until the demolition of the Embarcadero Freeway reopened the downtown waterfront, allowing for redevelopment. [183], In 2011, 50 murders were reported, which is 6.1 per 100,000 people.
[284] SFMOMA closed for renovation and expansion in 2013. [147][151] The percentage of African Americans in San Francisco is similar to that of California. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. [208] Bank of America, a pioneer in making banking services accessible to the middle class, was founded in San Francisco and in the 1960s, built the landmark modern skyscraper at 555 California Street for its corporate headquarters. Such land tends to be unstable during earthquakes. San Francisco has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Kppen Csb) characteristic of California's coast, with moist, mild winters and dry summers. [279], San Francisco has a large number of theaters and live performance venues. [349] The San Francisco Municipal Railway, primarily known as Muni, is the primary public transit system of San Francisco. Large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer application developers moved into the city, followed by marketing, design, and sales professionals, changing the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became increasingly gentrified. ", "The brainpower of America's largest cities", "New measure ranks San Francisco the 'smartest' U.S. city", "Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey", "Gay and Lesbian Families in the United States: Same-Sex Unmarried Partner Households", "Median Household Income (In 2003 Inflation-adjusted Dollars) (Place Level)", "Families Flee San Francisco: City Has Lowest Percentage Of Kids Of Any Major U.S. City", "Young Americans' loneliness sets the table for Friendsgiving", "Deinstitutionalization: A Psychiatric 'Titanic', "San Francisco Program Combats Homelessness with Innovation", "Critics say regional plan won't solve the problem", "Trump's crackdown on illegal immigration leaves a lot unanswered for sanctuary cities like L.A.", "S.F. [35] San Francisco was ranked 5th in the world and second in the United States on the Global Financial Centres Index as of September 2021.[36]. ESPN uses the local ABC studio for their broadcasting. Annual bicycle counts conducted by the Municipal Transportation Agency (MTA) in 2010 showed the number of cyclists at 33 locations had increased 58% from the 2006 baseline counts.
[228] However, by 2016, San Francisco was rated low by small businesses in a Business Friendliness Survey. [192] In 2008, a MS-13 member killed three family members as they were arriving home in the city's Excelsior District. These buses have quickly become a heated topic of debate within the city, as protesters claim they block bus lanes and delay public buses.[358]. [174] *Number of reported crimes per 100,000 population. The government of San Francisco is a charter city and is constituted of two co-equal branches: the executive branch is headed by the mayor and includes other citywide elected and appointed officials as well as the civil service; the 11-member Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch, is headed by a president and is responsible for passing laws and budgets, though San Franciscans also make use of direct ballot initiatives to pass legislation.[312]. [233] San Francisco is now widely considered the most important city in the world for new technology startups. [42] It then became the birthplace of the United Nations in 1945. [162] Global cities, such as San Francisco, are considered to be complex and require a high level of talent as well as large masses of low wage workers. San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously since 1972. They won again in 2022, the franchise's first championship while residing in San Francisco proper. [299] Between the years of 1999 and 2000, the job growth rate was 4.9%, creating over 50,000 jobs in technology firms and internet content production. In 2013, 25 people were killed by car and truck drivers while walking and biking in the city and 9 car drivers and passengers were killed in collisions. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3816007. [150]The city has long been home to a thriving and growing Jewish community, today Jewish Americans make up 10% (80,000) of the city's population as of 2018.
Its use, or lack thereof, is a common way for locals to distinguish long time residents from tourists and recent arrivals (as a shibboleth). [citation needed] In 2011, Ed Lee was selected by the board to finish the term of Gavin Newsom, who resigned to take office as Lieutenant Governor of California. The team began playing its home games at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara in 2014. [357], To accommodate the large amount of San Francisco citizens who commute to the Silicon Valley daily, employers like Genentech, Google, and Apple have begun to provide private bus transportation for their employees, from San Francisco locations. extends biotech payroll tax exemption", "Mayor Lee Announces New Biotech Incubator in Mission Bay", "City and County of San Francisco, California Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, for the Year ended June 30, 2018", "Salesforce to house 1,500 more workers in second Transbay tower", "San Francisco is gateway city for immigrants and Silicon Valley Technology", "An Overview of San Francisco's Recent Economic Performance Executive Summary", "Supervisors OK limits on chain-store expansion", "Proposition G: Limitations on Formula Retail Stores, City of San Francisco", "Made in San Francisco: Manufacturing a comeback", "The Post-Industrial "Shop Floor": Emerging Forms of Gentrification in San Francisco's Innovation Economy", "S.F. The Hispanic population is most heavily concentrated in the Mission District, Tenderloin District, and Excelsior District. The national newsmagazine Mother Jones is also based in San Francisco. [268][269] SF Greasecycle is a program to recycle used cooking oil for conversion to biodiesel. The new Terminal Project at Pier 27 opened September 25, 2014, as a replacement for the old Pier 35. It has an enrollment of about 100,000 students and offers an extensive continuing education program.[329]. His victims had no relationship with him, nor did they have any known gang or street crime involvement. [62] The promise of wealth was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. [355] SolTrans runs supplemental bus service between the Ferry Building and Vallejo. [297] The Olympic Club, founded in 1860, is the oldest athletic club in the United States. [42] The explosion of jobs drew many people, especially African Americans from the South, to the area.
[351] Historically, trains operated by Southern Pacific Lines ran from San Francisco to Los Angeles, via Palo Alto and San Jose. [371] [162], In the second technological boom driven by social media in the mid 2000s, San Francisco became a location for companies such as Apple, Google, Facebook and Twitter to base their tech offices and for their employees to live. State Route 82 enters San Francisco from the south as Mission Street, and terminates shortly thereafter at its junction with 280. killings at historic lows", "San Francisco crime rates and statistics", "SF cops say they notch 2 arrests in last 2 homicides of 2016. The museum reopened on May 14, 2016, with an addition, designed by Snhetta, that has doubled the museum's size. [109], The historic center of San Francisco is the northeast quadrant of the city anchored by Market Street and the waterfront. [147] ][citation needed] some bohemian character. KQED-FM is the most-listened-to National Public Radio affiliate in the country. [216][217][218] In 2004, the city approved a payroll tax exemption for biotechnology companies[219] to foster growth in the Mission Bay neighborhood, site of a second campus and hospital of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). / New York City (US) / New York State (US) [3] In 1804 the province of Alta California was created, which included San Francisco. In 1821, the Presidio and the Mission passed to Mexico from Spain. [87] The onset of containerization made San Francisco's small piers obsolete, and cargo activity moved to the larger Port of Oakland. Thruway service also runs south to San Luis Obispo with connection to the Pacific Surfliner. [172] 's most close-knit communities", "Golden Dragon Closes and owes a million", "S.F. Five members of the Joe Boys gang were arrested and convicted of the crime. [46] More recently, statewide droughts in California have strained the city's water security. San Francisco hosted the 2013 America's Cup yacht racing competition.[298]. [232], Tourism is one of the city's largest private-sector industries, accounting for more than one out of seven jobs in the city. [200] In 1998, six teenagers were shot and wounded at the Chinese Playground; a 16-year-old boy was subsequently arrested. [119] In recent years, gentrification has changed the demographics of parts of the Mission from Latino, to twenty-something professionals. Articles relating to the City and County of San Francisco. Several street gangs have operated in the city over the decades, including MS-13,[191] the Sureos and Norteos in the Mission District. San Francisco was an early adopter of carsharing in America. The highest recorded temperature at the official National Weather Service downtown observation station[a] was 106F (41C) on September 1, 2017. 452,986 people (56%) lived in rental housing units, and 327,985 people (41%) lived in owner-occupied housing units. city. [332] The California College of the Arts, located north of Potrero Hill, has programs in architecture, fine arts, design, and writing. According to the San Francisco Police Department, there were 59 murders in the city in 2016, an annual total that marked a 13.5% increase in the number of homicides (52) from 2015.
[107], San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits.
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